Adventure； freedom； go where no one has ever been； reach the top； enjoy nature； exercise； the excitement of newness.
No one can really learn to rock climb from a newspaper， a video or the Internet. This article is intended as an introduction to rock climbing only. Seek instructionseek instruction 查找指令 and places to practisepractise n. 练习，实行， 实践 first.
冒险，自由，探索人迹罕至的地方，勇攀顶点，享受自然，锻炼体魄，寻求新奇刺激。
攀岩
没有人能够通过报纸、电视或者互联网真正学会攀岩。本文仅向大家介绍一下攀岩运动。不过，首先还是让我们寻求指导，找个地方开始挑战吧。
Why rock climb？
Adventure； freedom； go where no one has ever been； reach the top； enjoy nature； exercise； the excitement of newness. Or maybe you have your own reasons for wanting to learn.
The beginning climber should always climb with an experienced leader， who will take care of runners， rope， slingsling n. 钩悬带， 吊索 ， protection equipment， and the like. The beginning climber will be concerned with his/her own clothing， carabinerscarabiner 竖钩 ， and harnessharness n. 系在身上的绳子， 甲胄 . All climbers should be concerned with the environment and courtesycourtesy n.谦恭， 允许， 礼貌 to those who dont climb.
Clothing
For the beginner， any clothing tough enough to take abrasion will suffice.
为什么攀岩？
冒险，自由，探索人迹罕至的地方，勇攀顶点，享受自然，锻炼体魄，寻求新奇刺激。当然，你可能会有其他个人的原因。
初学攀岩者应该在专业人士指导下操作，他们可以为你准备带环、绳索、绳套、保护装置等。初学攀岩者应该准备自己的服饰、铁锁和攀岩绳。所有攀岩者都应该关注周围的环境，对那些不攀岩的人要有礼貌。
装备
对于初学攀岩者来说，任何耐磨的衣服都可以。
Athletic shoes or hiking boots will allow you to sample the sport. If you fall in love with rock climbing， you will want to buy specialized rock climbing shoes， known as varappe or kletterscuhe. They have rubber syntheticssynthetics ［用作复］人工合成(绝缘)材料 that greatly enhance ones friction on the rock.
Rope
Dont use old， static ropes not manufacturedmanufactured adj.人造的 for climbing. They are dangerous. Modern climbing ropes are laboratorytested and “stretch” slightly after a fall. They are kernmantle constructed (outer sheathsheath n.鞘， 护套， 外壳 over a large number of long inner filaments)， and although priceypricey adj.ier，—iest 价格高的；昂贵的 ， are used when sliding with less friction is desired. This preserves ones body from bruises and pain at the end of any fall. No climbing rope has failed from a fall since World War II. Theyre that good！
你可以重试穿运动鞋或旅游鞋参加攀岩。如果你彻底迷上了这项运动，那就需要购买专门的攀岩鞋，像“varappe”或者“kletterscuhe”就比较出名。它们是由橡胶制成的，能够非大地增强在岩石上的摩擦力。
攀岩绳
千万别使用旧式固定的非攀岩专用的绳索，那会样非常危险。现代的攀岩绳经过实验测试，在落下时会有轻微的弹力。它们是由编织绳构造而成的，尽管非常昂贵，但是在低摩擦滑行时却是非常必要的。这样可以保护身体落下时不受到撞伤或疼痛折磨。自二战至今，还未出现攀岩绳断掉落的情况。它们真的很可靠。
Carabiners
These are similar to large safety pins. Most climbers use a combination of the ovaloval adj.卵形的， 椭圆的 shape or the modified Dshape of Chouinards. Royal Robbins， author of Basic Rockcraft writes，“When buying a carabiner， check to make sure the spring action is smoothsmooth adj.平滑的， 平坦的， 平稳的， 无毛的， 流畅的， 圆滑的， 安祥的 but not too strong， that the gate meshesmesh vi.落网， 相啮合 freely， that there are no burrs， and that they are strong.”
Carabiners should test to at least 3，000 pounds. The responsible dealer will have information on carabiner strength. Ask before buying. Tying knots is beyond the scope of this article. You should learn the overhand knot， overhand loop， bowlinebowline n.帆脚索 ， doubleloop bowline， figureofeight loop， ring bend， and fishermans knot.
铁锁
它们就相当于大型的安全别针。大多数攀岩者都会选择一系列椭圆形或经过改良的D形Chouinard铁锁。《攀岩技术要素》的作者罗亚尔·罗宾斯在书中写道：“在购买铁锁时，一定要保证弹簧的弹力正常，但强度不能太大。开口能够正常开闭。不能有损伤的刻边。而且必须很牢固。”
铁锁应该经过至少3，000磅的测试。销售商应该有铁锁负重量的信息。在购买之前一定要咨询。关于打结问题，这里就不进行详细地陈述了。但你应该学会单结、反手绳圈、布林结、双布林结、八字结、防脱结以及交织结。
Belay
The belay consists of anchor， friction， and position.
1. Anchor
The most important element of the belay is the anchor. The anchor is a fixed point of attachmentattachment n.附件， 附加装置， 配属 such as a tree， rock， or other “bombproof” attachment. Most belay accidents are caused through failure of the belayer. Therefore， it is important to use two anchors or slings when possible and test the anchor first by applying stress.
2. Friction
